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Influence, Manipulation & Deceit

The economy and Big Tobacco

Published Dec 11, 2024
Maria and her son stand in front of La Paloma Market, where they have stopped selling vapes

Ending Big Tobacco’s epidemic is not just good for our health it’s also good for California’s economy. Despite Big Tobacco’s claims that businesses and communities need their products to benefit financially, research has shown that these claims are nothing more than the industry’s continued manipulation to profit at the expense of Californians’ health.12

The reality is a California economy without Big Tobacco isn’t just possible it’s already happening.34 Two California communities have already ended the sale of tobacco products.34 And California was the second state in the US to put an end to retailers selling dangerous flavored tobacco products, including menthol cigarettes and flavored vapes.5 The result for California? A 41 percent decline in total vape sales and a 16 percent decrease in total cigarette sales in 2023.67

Will ending Big Tobacco’s epidemic hurt the economy?

No. In fact, Big Tobacco’s products carry a hefty price tag for all Californians from the addiction and diseases they cause,8 to the premature deaths of far too many loved ones it affects our communities and families in many costly and profound ways.   

A study found tobacco-related healthcare costs for California was $15.4 billion annually.9 That means each Californian pays nearly $400 each year for the cost of smoking whether you use tobacco or not.9

Compare that to California’s tobacco tax revenue. In fiscal year 2022-23, California tobacco tax revenue was approximately $1.7 billion.10 

It’s easy to see the cost of tobacco far outweighs any tax revenue generated.

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How does ending Big Tobacco’s epidemic impact tobacco tax-funded programs?

Tobacco tax revenue is directly related to the number of tobacco products sold, so as tobacco use in California falls, so does the tax revenue generated from those product sales. California’s tobacco tax revenue has been falling as tobacco use has been declining.101112 Less tobacco revenue means less resources for tax-funded organizations like First 5 California who are already anticipating the need to change their funding source to more sustainable ones in order to keep their critical services for Californians in place.1314

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Does ending Big Tobacco’s epidemic put retailers out of business?

Despite a tobacco industry-created myth, research shows that tobacco products are not essential for retail store survival.15 In fact, cigarettes have the lowest profit margin for convenience stores, and tobacco revenue for retailers only accounts for a small portion of overall sales. 1617

In states that have banned the sale of flavored tobacco products, data shows no significant reduction in the number of retail stores, no significant decrease in employees at these stores, and no significant reduction in wages.16

There are over 29,000 retailers that sell tobacco in California far more than Starbucks or McDonald’s.1819 In fact, there are nearly 10 times the amount of tobacco retailers than there are Starbucks in the state.20 With those kinds of numbers, retailers can make a huge impact by choosing their neighbors’ health over tobacco profit.

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Are there businesses that have succeeded without selling tobacco?

Yes. Some retailers are proactively choosing to stop selling tobacco products all together, transitioning to other consumer goods and food items that generate more income over time.2122 There have been examples of local business organizations, government agencies, and community-based organizations supporting retailers in their transition away from tobacco, putting their community’s health over Big Tobacco’s profits.2324

Maria La Paloma

“I don't sell vapes. No profit is worth that ugliness.”

Maria
Los Angeles, CA

A convenience store owner protects her family and her neighborhood by not selling vapes.

Four Corners Market, located in the city of Alturas, a community of just 2,715 in Modoc County, California, hasn’t sold tobacco products in more than 35 years.24 A family business since 1987, the key to their success is investing in prepared, ready-to-eat meals, fresh produce, and foods that are easily purchased with EBT. 

Owner Bill Hall says they haven’t sold tobacco products since 1989, and even though “the market is 1,100 square feet with only two checkers, sales have consistently increased,” reaching around $3.5 million each year. Building a loyal customer base and creating a family friendly experience without tobacco products, while making sure customers can find the items they want, has helped Four Corners Market thrive.24

Does ending Big Tobacco’s epidemic create an illicit market for tobacco products?

The tobacco industry talks a lot about the threat of an illicit market to undermine public health efforts. Tobacco companies exaggerate illicit market size estimates and place the blame on tobacco prevention policies. In reality, the challenge of an illicit market is almost always much smaller than Big Tobacco claims it is.25 Tobacco companies are also often complicit in the illicit market about which they complain.2526

When considering a hypothetical illicit tobacco market, we must balance what’s assumed against the reality. The reality is the devastation that tobacco has wreaked on our families and communities far outweighs a hypothetical threat of an illicit tobacco market. This is why it is not considered a reasonable argument against protecting people’s health.27

What has been done so far to reduce the cost burden of Big Tobacco’s epidemic in California?

Because tobacco impacts all of us, not just people the tobacco industry addicts, California’s leadership demonstrates that a comprehensive approach community engagement, addiction interventions, research, and bold public education campaigns designed to change social norms around tobacco is necessary and has a much greater impact than focusing solely on helping people who are addicted to tobacco quit.28 

Over one million lives have been saved since the beginning of the UNDO program.29303132 Today, California has the lowest youth vaping rate in the US, and the adult smoking rate in California has decreased by more than 60 percent over the past three decades, ranking the state the third lowest in the US.1233

Since UNDO’s beginning, we have saved taxpayers a staggering $500 billion in healthcare costs and, what’s more, for every dollar California spent on tobacco control and prevention, healthcare costs fell by $231.34

It’s not only possible to succeed without tobacco product sales, while still maintaining and promoting a vibrant business community and economy it’s already happening.34

OUR MISSION

As a program of the California Department of Public Health, UNDO is one of the nation’s leading public health programs fighting to end Big Tobacco’s deadly epidemic in California.

  1. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Debunking Tobacco Industry Misinformation. Accessed October 10, 2024. https://www.agora-parl.org/sites/default/files/tobacco_mythbusters.pdf
  2. Warner KE. The economics of tobacco: myths and realities. Tob Control. 2000;9(1):78-89. doi:10.1136/tc.9.1.78
  3. Beverly Hills City Ordinance No. 19-O-2783. June 2019. Accessed June 2024. https://www.beverlyhills.org/DocumentCenter/View/814/Ordinance-No-19-O-2783-PDF
  4. Manhattan Beach, Cal. Ordinance No. 20-0007. February 18, 2020. Accessed October 3, 2024. https://www.manhattanbeach.gov/home/showdocument?id=41659
  5. Flavored tobacco products 2020. Senate Bill No. 793. Accessed October 10, 2024. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB793
  6. CDC Foundation. (2023). Monitoring U.S. E-Cigarette Sales: State Trends Data Brief. Issue 11, September 2023. Accessed July 10, 2024. https://www.cdcfoundation.org/QuarterlyE-CigaretteSalesDataBrief_9.10.2023.pdf?inline
  7. CDC Foundation. (2023). Changes in US and state cigarette sales following flavored tobacco sales restrictions (2018-2023). Data Brief. Published October 2023. Accessed July 10, 2024. https://www.cdcfoundation.org/CigaretteDataBrief-24.01.18.pdf?inlinE
  8. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking - 50 Years of Progress. A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health; 2014.
  9. Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. The toll of tobacco in California. Updated August 16, 2024. Accessed October 10, 2024. https://www.tobaccofreekids.org/problem/toll-us/california
  10. California Department of Tax and Fee Administration. Cigarette and Tobacco Revenue (Table 30A). Updated June 27, 2024. Accessed July 2, 2024. https://www.cdtfa.ca.gov/DataPortal/dataset.htm?url=CigTaxSurTaxRev
  11. California Department of Tax and Fee Administration. Cigarette and Tobacco Distribution and Consumption (Table 30B). Updated October 13, 2023. Accessed October 16, 2024. https://www.cdtfa.ca.gov/DataPortal/dataset.htm?url=CigTaxDistPerCapCon
  12. California Department of Public Health, California Tobacco Prevention Program. California Tobacco Facts and Figures 2024. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Public Health; Published May 2024. Accessed August 13, 2024.
  13. California’s First 5 Leaders at State Capitol Advocating for Early Childhood Investments Amidst Tobacco Tax Revenue Decline. News Release. First 5 Association. February 7, 2024. Accessed June 13, 2024. https://first5association.org/2024/02/07/californias-first-5-leaders-at-state-capitol-advocating-for-early-childhood-investments-amidst-tobacco-tax-revenue-decline/
  14. How fewer people smoking in California is hurting programs that keeps kids healthy. CBSNews.com/Sacramento. February 7, 2024. Accessed June 13, 2024. https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/how-fewer-people-smoking-in-california-is-hurting-programs-that-keeps-kids-healthy/
  15. Action on Smoking and Health. Counter Arguments: How Important is Tobacco to Small Retailers? London, UK: Action on Smoking and Health; 2016 October 2016.
  16. Tauras, J.A. & Chaloupka, F.J. (2023). The Economic Effects of Cigarette Sales and Flavor Bans on Tobacco Retail Businesses. Tobacconomics. Accessed August 14, 2024. https://www.tobacconomics.org/files/research/865/final-report-cigarette-sales-flavor-bans-and-business-05.23.23-md.pdf
  17. Lawman HG, Dolatshahi J, Mallya G, et al. Characteristics of tobacco purchases in urban corner stores. Tob Control. 2018;27(5):592-595. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-053815
  18. California Cigarette and Tobacco Products Retailer Licensees, October 15, 2024. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Tax and Fee Administration.
  19. The McDonald’s System’s Billion Dollar Impact: California. McDonald’s. Published March 30, 2023. Accessed October 15, 2024. https://corporate.mcdonalds.com/content/dam/sites/corp/nfl/newsroom/McDonalds_Impact_CA.pdf
  20. Starbucks Statistics, Facts, & Market Shares (2024 Report). Cafely. Published July 22, 2024. Accessed October 15, 2024. https://cafely.com/blogs/research/starbucks-statistics#starbucks-facts-behind-the-brand
  21. McDaniel PA, Malone RE. "People over profits": retailers who voluntarily ended tobacco sales. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e85751. Published 2014 Jan 22. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085751
  22. CounterTobacco.org. Rebutting Economic Arguments Against POS. October 9, 2024. Accessed October 15, 2024. https://countertobacco.org/resources-tools/evidence-summaries/rebutting-economic-arguments-against-pos/#:~:text=However%2C%20it%20is%20important%20to,of%20profits%20were%20from%20tobacco
  23. About Healthy Retail SF. Healthy Retail SF. Accessed October 15, 2024. https://www.healthyretailsf.org/programs
  24. Human Response Network Tobacco Free Trinity. Resources for Retailers. Accessed October 10, 2024. https://www.tobaccofreetrinity.org/_files/ugd/295b32_3b53f6e728a94ca59bb66891687553fe.pdf
  25. Gallagher AWA, Evans-Reeves KA, Hatchard JL, Gilmore AB. Tobacco industry data on illicit tobacco trade: a systematic review of existing assessments. Tob Control. 2019;28(3):334-345. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054295
  26. Collin J, LeGresley E, MacKenzie R, Lawrence S, Lee K. Complicity in contraband: British American Tobacco and cigarette smuggling in Asia. Tob Control. 2004;13(suppl 2):ii104-ii111. doi:10.1136/tc.2004.009357
  27. The Tobacco Atlas. Illicit Trade. Last updated March 29, 2023. Accessed August 19, 2024. https://tobaccoatlas.org/challenges/illicit-trade/
  28. California Department of Health Services. Model for Change: The California Experience in Tobacco Control. California Tobacco Prevention Program. Published October 1998. Accessed May 23, 2024. https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/DCDIC/CTCB/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Policy/SocialNormChange/CTCPmodelforchange1998.pdf
  29. California's award-winning tobacco control program marks its 20th anniversary. News release. California Department of Public Health; April 7, 2009. https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2009/04/07/1184068/0/en/California-s-Award-Winning-Tobacco-Control-Program-Marks-Its-20th-Anniversary.html
  30. United Health Foundation. America's Health Rankings Analysis of CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. AmericasHealthRankings.org. Accessed May 17, 2024. https://www.americashealthrankings.org/explore/measures/Smoking/CA
  31. U.S. Census Bureau. Census 2000 Summary File 2. Accessed October 4, 2024. https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDPSF22000.DP1
  32. U.S. Census Bureau. 2020 Census Demographic Profile. Accessed October 4, 2024. https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1
  33. Neuling H. Key state-specific tobacco-related data & rankings. Updated January 3, 2024. Accessed March 22, 2024. https://assets.tobaccofreekids.org/factsheets/0176.pdf
  34. Lightwood JM, Anderson S, Glantz SA. Smoking and healthcare expenditure reductions associated with the California Tobacco Control Program, 1989 to 2019: A predictive validation. PLoS One. 2023;18(3):e0263579. Published 2023 Mar 16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0263579

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lady in a garden wearing a head scarf and looking at the camera

Hold the industry accountable

California has already protected people from other harmful products, and it's time to hold the tobacco industry to the same standards.